关键词: 机床滑枕优化, 正交试验, 多目标遗传算法, 静动态特性, 轻量化与减变形

Abstract: The ram of a machine tool stands as a crucial component,and its rigidity exerts a profound influence on the machining accuracy of the machine tool. Confronted with the problems of low efficiency in the traditional empirical design of machine tool rams and the challenge of achieving a balance between static and dynamic characteristics,a hybrid design approach integrating parametric modeling and multi-objective optimization is put forward. A ridge regression model of the ram′s structural parameters is constructed via a five-factor,three-level orthogonal experiment. In combination with the NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm,the Pareto solution set is generated. Ultimately,the TOPSIS method is employed to make a decision on the optimal parameter combination. The findings indicate that after optimization,the weight of the ram structure is diminished by 29.3 kg (accounting for 4.7 % of the original weight),the maximum deformation is reduced by 5.8 %,and the first-order natural frequency remains stable at 553.3 Hz. Consequently,this method offers a novel reference for the multi-parameter coupling optimization of machine tool components.

Key words: optimization of machine tool ram, orthogonal test, multi-objective genetic algorithm, static and dynamic characteristics, lightweight and deformation reduction