关键词: 有限元, 模态分析, 汽车座椅, 响应面模型, 全局响应面法

Abstract: To address the resonance issue of a certain automotive seat, an optimization based on the global response surface method was proposed, with the dimensions and materials of sensitive components as design variables, and the modal frequencies and mass of the automotive seat as optimization objectives. First, through sensitivity analysis, the sheet metal parts that significantly contribute to the first-order modal frequency of the automotive seat were identified, and their thicknesses and material types were selected as design variables. Second, 169 sample points were uniformly generated within the design space using Hammersley sampling for Design of Experiments (DOE). Then, based on the generated experimental data, a response surface model was fitted using the Radial Basis Function (RBF) method. Finally, with the objectives of maximizing the first-order modal frequency and minimizing the total mass of the automotive seat, global response surface method was employed for modal optimization. The results show that after optimization, the first-order modal frequency of the automotive seat is increased by 3.5 Hz, and the total mass is reduced by 1.95 kg, thereby achieving the optimization goals. This demonstrates the effectiveness of improving the vibration performance of automotive seats by optimizing the dimensions and materials of sensitive components.

Key words: finite elements, modal analysis, automotive seats, response surface model, global response surface method