基于精度约束的不规则轮廓工艺轨迹优化

doi:10.16731/j.cnki.1671-3133.2025.10.011

现代制造工程 ›› 2025, Vol. 541 ›› Issue (10): 96-105.doi: 10.16731/j.cnki.1671-3133.2025.10.011

基于精度约束的不规则轮廓工艺轨迹优化

覃小倍^1,2, 廖小平¹, 鲁娟³, 马俊燕¹, 欧诚意¹, 何堰^1,2

1 广西大学机械工程学院,南宁 530004;
2 广西机电职业技术学院,南宁 530007;
3 广西海洋工程装备与技术重点实验室,钦州 535011

收稿日期:2024-10-28 发布日期:2025-10-29
作者简介:覃小倍,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为工艺规划设计与智能制造。廖小平,博士,教授,主要研究方向为数字化设计与智能系统开发。鲁娟,博士,教授,主要研究方向为机器学习的应用与智能系统开发。马俊燕,博士,副教授,主要研究方向为制造工艺与设计。欧诚意,博士研究生,主要研究方向为智能算法与工艺规划设计。何堰,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为智能制造。E-mail:1758958574@qq.com;E-mail:xpfeng@gxu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52165062,52365059)

Optimization of irregular contour process trajectory based on accuracy constraints

QIN Xiaobei^1,2, LIAO Xiaoping¹, LU Juan³, MA Junyan¹, OU Chengyi¹, HE Yan^1,2

1 School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China;
2 Guangxi Technological College of Machinery and Electricity, Nanning 530007, China;
3 Guangxi Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering Equipment and Technology, Qinzhou 535011, China

Received:2024-10-28 Published:2025-10-29

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对传统的基于曲线离散的轨迹生成方法及主流商用数控CAM软件难以兼顾质量和效率,生成的刀具轨迹精度低且轨迹段数多的问题,因双头蛇(Double-Headed Snake,DHS)算法通过模拟蛇的爬行实现对包含自由曲线的不规则轮廓的逐段逼近,可提升精度,减少轨迹的组成段数,但DHS算法生成的刀具轨迹存在跨越不同图元的情况,影响精度;为此,结合双头蛇算法的思想,提出了一种考虑面积误差、余弦角变化率和弦差这3个约束的改进双头蛇(Improved Double-Headed Snake,IDHS)算法。通过复杂B样条曲线“剑鱼”的工艺轨迹优化仿真实验,并与D-P算法、等弦差法、MasterCAM内嵌算法及DHS算法进行对比,从生成的轨迹精度和轨迹的组成段数进行评价,验证了提出方法的有效性及高精度。IDHS算法进一步充实了曲线离散理论,且提高了经济型数控机床的加工质量和效率。

关键词: 复杂曲线, 余弦角变化率, 圆弧角, 面积误差, 双头蛇算法

Abstract: The traditional curve-based discrete trajectory generation method and the mainstream commercial CNC CAM software are difficult to balance the quality and efficiency,the generated tool trajectory accuracy is low and the number of trajectory segments is large. The Double-Headed Snake (DHS) algorithm realized segment-by-segment approximation of irregular contours containing free curves by simulating the crawling of a snake,which improved the accuracy and reduced the number of constituent segments of the trajectory,but the generated tool trajectory of DHS algorithm spanned different elements and affected the accuracy. Therefore,an Improved Double-Headed Snake(IDHS) algorithm was proposed by combining the ideas of the double-headed snake algorithm with the consideration of three constraints of area error,cosine angle change rate and chord difference. Through the simulation experiment of process trajectory optimization of complex B-spline curve ″Swordfish″,and compared with D-P algorithm,the equal chord method,MasterCAM embedded algorithm and DHS algorithm,the effectiveness and high accuracy of the proposed method were verified by evaluating the accuracy of the generated trajectory as well as the number of segments of the trajectory. IDHS algorithm further enriches the curve discretization theory while improving the machining quality and efficiency of economical CNC machines.

Key words: complex curves, cosine angle rate of change, arc angle, area error, double-headed snake algorithm

中图分类号:

TG659

覃小倍, 廖小平, 鲁娟, 马俊燕, 欧诚意, 何堰. 基于精度约束的不规则轮廓工艺轨迹优化[J]. 现代制造工程, 2025, 541(10): 96-105.

QIN Xiaobei, LIAO Xiaoping, LU Juan, MA Junyan, OU Chengyi, HE Yan. Optimization of irregular contour process trajectory based on accuracy constraints[J]. Modern Manufacturing Engineering, 2025, 541(10): 96-105.

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基于精度约束的不规则轮廓工艺轨迹优化

Optimization of irregular contour process trajectory based on accuracy constraints

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