The movement process of the automatic folding stage was researched,and make a detailed dynamic analysis.Make dynamics theory model for one group of stage,get the dynamics analytical formula of every mechanism,drawing power curve by MATLAB.Set up the appropriate kinematics model,and make dynamics simulation by ADAMS,compare the simulation results and the theoretical analysis value to prove the validity of the analysis.This dynamics analysis can provide theoretical basis for the detailed design of the stage,and provide ideas to optimization and innovation of the stage.

Analyzing the correlational research of national,regional and enterprise level sustainability evaluation,the indicator selection criterions of technological level were discussed for sustainable manufacturing.According to the ttriple bottom line,the sustainable manufacturing evaluation indicator system was identified for technological level.Then,using DEMATEL method,analyzed the importance and causal relationships of these indicators,and according to the analysis results,selected the indicators and determined the cause factors and result factors,in order to make manufacturing enterprises implement sustainable improvement based on the results.

Tooth stiffness of face gear is the main parameter of dynamic analysis and optimization design for face gear transmission,and the design parameters of face gear have important influence on the stiffness of face gear tooth.The finite element analyses about the tooth’s stiffness of different meshing points are made based on Ansys Workbench and Ansys Classic.It researched that analysis of influence of tooth’s stiffness by main design parameters of face gear.From the results,the conclusions can be obtained as follow:Tooth’s stiffness of face gear decreases along the direction of tooth root to the tip gradually,and tooth’s stiffness increases with the increase of module,pressure Angle,tooth width;the changing ratio of tooth’s stiffness along the tooth root to the tip increases with the decrease of module,as the tooth width increases,the pressure angle doesn’t much affect on the changing ratio.

The Evolutionary Structural Optimization(ESO) method is easily utilized to be programmed,and is of wide engineering applications,and may be adopted to obtain the optimum structure with black and white distribution material property.However,it’s difficult to solve the problem of multi-constrained topology optimization by using it.To extend this method to the case of multi-constrained topology optimization,for the problem of topology optimization with multiple displacement constraints,the relationship between the stiffness and the topology variables is built by using the Rational Approximation for Material Properties(RAMP),and a series of approximate models and a smooth dual algorithm are constructed to solve Lagrange multipliers.Then,the calculation formula of element sensitivities and a novel evolutionary structural optimization algorithm are given.Finally,two examples are presented to demonstrate the validity and effectiveness of the proposed method.

Aiming at the problems that solving inverse kinematics for seven degree-of-freedom manipulator has inferior reliability and cumulative error by using neural network and gradient projection method.Fully considered the characteristics of arm configuration and its self-motion,a new algorithm combined with geometry and analysis are proposed for solving redundant manipulator inverse kinematics and do some simulation verification.Position and orientation error weigh up this method feasibility.The simulation result shows that the maximum end error of manipulator position is less than 0.015mm and mean run time is 0.455ms by using this way.It is satisfied with online control requirement.It can provide a new idea for solving the manipulator inverse kinematics with rotate joint angle.

The process validation is carried out by the study on the H13 die steel formed by selective laser melting,the density and microstructure of the samples were analyzed.The result shows that too high and too low linear energy is not benefit to improve the density.The density of the samples formed by selectire laser melting could reach the highest value 94.27% with laser linear energy of 0.45J/mm,the laser power of 180W and the scanning speed of 400mm/s.Laser power is higher than scanning space on the influence of density during the forming process.The unreasonable combination of process parameters could lead to uneven internal microstructure,micro cracks and pores,these phenomena could reduce the density of the sample.

Set Parts Supply (SPS) system,the efficient way to reduce storage beside assembly line,make the logistics smoothly,and increase production efficiency.Two different logistics modes are defined and the costing model of them are constructed and analyzed.Trends of minimum logistics cost of certain parts in different modes are obtained and relations between consumption and logistics cost were shown by case study.The research can help choosing appropriate supply model for different parts,and making the set parts supply system working much better.

The modeling method of ATV ride comfort was discussed,the multi-body dynamics software should be use to establish the rigid-flexible coupling model of hand reaction and seat vibration,and the evaluation method of riding comfort was summarized.Under the condition of considering the excitation of the engine,the simulation of the ride comfort of the vehicle is carried out under the random road surface.The influence of parameters such as suspension and cushion on hand reaction and seat vibrations was discussed by the orthogonal test method.The results show that the damping of the front and rear suspension has a great influence on the vibration of the seat and the handle,but the effect is different,so should be a reasonable configuration.The stiffness and damping of the seat have great influence on the vibration of the seat.Properly reducing the seat stiffness and damping is an effective way to improve seat vibration.

To achieve lightweight design for frame of a tracked spraying vehicle,the 3D model of the vehicle frame was built by using Pro/E,and imported into ANSYS Workbench software,then,was analyzed using finite element method for the frame of the tracked spraying vehicle under two working conditions with no-load and full load respectively,the cloud chart of the equivalent stress,total deformation and safety factor of the frame were obtained,the weak and the redundant position of the frame were also found,parameter sensitivity analysis was performed.The optimization design scheme of the frame of the tracked spraying vehicle is put forward on the basis of the above.The total weight of the frame is reduced from 457kg to 371kg,decreased by 18.82% after optimization design of the frame,which verifies the rationality of the optimization design scheme.The research results have some technical reference for design improvement for the frame of the tracked spraying vehicle.

According to the surface equation of the globoidal cam,based on CREO2.0,the 3D parametric model of globoidal indexing cam can be established accurately,it is more accurate and faster than common method——“point—line—plane—body”,and the feasibility program was given.After assembling and repairing,due to good model consistency,data integrity,the data was transformed into the STEP file that adapted to ABAQUS,the modal was analysed by using ABAQUS,overcame the deficiency of other professional finite element analysis software preprocessor,improved the efficiency of the finite element analysis.The former six steps natural frequencies and vibration type figures of the output shaft which installed in the load disk were gotten,the performance forms of vibration response were analysed.

CAE software in sheet metal forming has been widely used in numerical simulation analysis to reduce die development cycle and improve the quality of stamping products.The complete stamping process for stiffener part of automotive beam was simulated based on multi-step and multi-process modeling approach by using Dyanform software.The forming quality was analyzed depend on FLD.The progressive stamping test results of the stiffener part of automotive beam show that the simulated results are in accordance with the experimental results,the maximum relative error of the workpiece thickness is only 2.94%.The results prove that the complete stamping process finite element model established is reasonable and reliable,which can provide an effective guidance for the actual production.

In order to solve the path planning problem of AGV accessing cars in intelligent garage,and overcome the defect of traditional Dijkstra algorithm,which includes higher time complexity,larger search scope and lower search efficiency etc,the path planning method of parking system based on the bi-directional Dijkstra algorithm was proposed.In this paper,firstly,the weighted undirected graph of the target parking spot was created on the basis of the distribution of free parking spot at a certain time in intelligent garage.Secondly,the traditional Dijkstra algorithm was optimized and improved through altering the data storage structure and introducing the bidirectional search strategy.Finally,the shortest path length was used as evaluation index,the traditional Dijkstra algorithm and improved Dijkstra algorithm used as search strategy,the path planning process of AGV accessing cars was simulated with MATLAB software.The simulation results show improved Dijkstra algorithm is correct,feasible and effective.Moreover,compared with traditional Dijkstra algorithm,improved Dijkstra algorithm can effectively reduce data store space and improve search efficiency,and can meet the requirement of AGV accessing cars in path planning.

Risk Priority Number(RPN) method in the failure analysis is the hotspot of research at present.Because of the defects of RPN and complex mix-reasoning of the failure in the mechanical system,RPN method may lead to wrong decision when it used to the mechanical system failure analysis.Based on the study of defects in the RPN,put forward the ERPN method based on the economic loss.This method put the severity which has strong subjectivity in the qualitative analysis,using the economic loss which reflects the failure effect more accurate instead of severity,improves the probability analysis and put forward a new formula for the priority number calculation according to the mix-reasoning of the failure in the mechanical system.ERPN method is expected to improve the RPN and the analysis results could be more objective.

A new online method was proposed in order to solve the problem of pipette online fixed-length cutting.The cutting motion was decomposed into three directions of movement^[1] (the axial,radial and cutter rotating).The speed of cutting the pipette,fixed-length cutting length,and the diameter of pipette were selected as the initial conditions,which contributed to establish the relation of variables including initial,radial,and axial velocity.Meanwhile,the movement relation could be derived by mathematical analysis to get the promising solution of the control movement and achieve the online fixed-length cutting^[2-3].This theoretical method has been proved by trial production prototype test,which could reduce the waste of raw materials,improve the production efficiency,and gain more economic benefits.

To study the influence of turning parameters on the surface characteristics of GH4079 high temperature alloy,and to provide the experimental basis for the selection of reasonable turning parameters for GH4079 high temperature alloy.GH4079 high temperature alloy were turning with the following turning parameters:the turning speed 280~560m/min,cutting depth 0.5~1.0mm,feed 0.035~0.088mm/r,and the CALISUM surface roughness instrument,microhardness tester and X-ray diffraction stress were used to measure turning surface characteristics (surface roughness,surface micro hardness and surface residual stress).The results show that GH4079 high temperature alloy turning surface roughness value changes in the Ra502~Ra1 121nm range,the surface microhardness values fluctuate in a range of Ra570.2~Ra677.3HV and feed direction residual stress σ_r(X) is compressive stress,and vertical to the feed direction residual stress σ_r(Y) is tensile stress.The surface roughness and hardness are most sensitive to the cutting speed,and the surface residual stress is most sensitive to the cutting depth;at the same time shows that the microscopic surface roughness and surface hardness increased with increasing cutting speed,with increasing depth of cut,the compressive surface residual stress increased and the tensile surface residual stress reduced.

The refrigeration machinery shell material was annealed by the methods of common heat treatment and nitrogen assisted heat treatment.And the microstructure,wear resistance and damping property were tested and analyzed.The results show that compared with the common heat treatment,nitrogen assisted heat treatment improved significantly the wear resistance and damping property of the material,which made the wear volume at the temperature of 25℃ and 150℃ decrease by 65% and 77%,respectively,made the damping property at the temperature of 25℃ increase by 84%,and made the decline of damping performance decrease from 84% to 35%.

High efficiency milling process for GH4169 superalloy,the effect of different cooling methods on the tool life of GH4169 superalloyis studied.CO₂ cryogenic cooling and MQL cooling system is designed,CO₂ cryogenic and MQL cooling of plung milling tool wear is tested,and compared with other cooling methods.From three angles of the wear curve,the wear image and the wear rate,the cutting tool wear amount,edge wear morphology and wear velocity are analyzed.The test results show that:CO₂ cryogenic and MQL cooling to improve the tool endurance has significant effect,the methods could help to reduce tool wear,to improve the environment.The service life of GH4169 superalloy plunge milling cutter can be promoted by changing the cooling condition.

Product quality is the premise for the enterprise to establish the brand and the source of enterprise benefits,for the metal hot and cold cutting circular saw blade,firstly,the production process of the blade was analyzed;Then,Quality Function Deployment (QFD) method was applied by the use of quality house,and the customer needs were developed into the quality characteristics,and the quality characteristics were developed into the key processes,considering the analysis from two aspects of market competition and technological competition,the key process which need to improved was determined by the enterprise.Finally,the treatment of multi factor and multi index orthogonal test design of the heat treatment process was designed,to seek the optimal combination of the influence factors of heat treatment process,such as materials,quenching temperature,tempering time,tempering temperature,tempering time and the oil temperature.Not only the hot and cold cutting circular saw blade rate of unqualified products was reduced,and customer satisfaction was improved,the significant is effect.

Automobile steering device is the very important part in the automobile.Its overall safety and comfort is an important indicator,which can evaluate the vehicle performance is good or no.Steering valve is a core component of Hydraulic Power Steering gear (HPS).A new type of centering and pin pressing fixture is designed for steering valve.This follower fixture can achieve workplace loading,sensitivity midpoint finding punching,pin pressing and re-checking (the force characteristic test) and other processes of a complete for the steering valve.After testing to get good results,the output good of the sensitivity curve and force characteristics.

Numerical machining technology,which refers to orthogonal intersection curve chamfer on inner wall of ceramic tube was systematically studied.Two models were built including mathematical model of orthogonal intersection curve and interpolation function model of cutting tool path.Both special cutter and processing route were designed for chamfer machining.Machining procedures for chamfering were programmed and then verified on a three-axis machining center.The results showed that machining effect was good.The accuracy and efficiency of chamfer was greatly improved by numerical machining method.

Thickness precision is an important index of measuring the products quality of a plate and strip mill. The high accuracy of strip thickness is needed to be realized through the thickness automatic control (AGC) system. In order to improve the thickness accuracy of the finished strip,fuzzy control,feedback mechanism of biological immune system and traditional PID control are combined in this paper to construct a fuzzy immune PID controller for strip thickness control system,using immune algorithm and fuzzy logic to adjust PID parameters on-line. Simulation results show that the fuzzy immune PID controller were better than thickness controller system based on conventional PID controller in response speed,overshoot,stability and robustness. It can improve the precision of the export thickness remarkably.

The automatic complex shape tube steel skeleton seam welder is one of the main equipment for manufacturing reinforcing bar skeletons,and it has many motors and many inputs and outputs,which need controlling,and its motors include stepping motors and three phase asynchronous motors.Based on 485 bus and ZigBee wireless transmission technology develop a high reliability of the rolling machine control system that each execution of both institutions based on 485 bus is independent of the underlying controller,motion control function and I/O control functional separation.Use ZigBee wireless transmission technology to achieve the rolling main welding disk on the wireless control of the 48 motors,both to avoid the motor with rotating mechanism of wiring problems,but also to meet the basic demand of control system.It can control seam welder to weld steel skeleton automatically,show the process graphically,collect and display the relevant data,execute fault alarm.Experimental results indicate that the control system can run steadily and reliably,and the methods proposed in the system are practical and popular value.

The acoustic finite element method is used to predict the vehicle idle noise in the ear of driver by using the finite element simulation software Nastran which is powerful in acoustic finite element method.The results proved that the finite element simulation model is correct by making a comparison between the test results and simulation results.On the basis of this,the modal analysis is carried out,and the main modal order of the specific frequency was pointed out,and the measures to reduce the noise are put forward and effectively reduced the driver’s ear noise through these noise optimization measures.

In order to meet the needs of the regular measurement of plug gauge on the automobile production line, the fast calibration method is needed to improve the measurement accuracy of the image measuring instrument. Through the analysis of the calibration method of the image measuring instrument, the viewpoint of the image measuring instrument calibration is proposed to eliminate the influence of the surface quality of the workpiece and the error of the instrument. For this purpose, a fast calibration method based on optical grating is proposed. The method apply plug gauge that be measured as a calibration object directly, which can overcome the shortcomings of the surface quality of the workpiece to the measurement results. On the basis of introducing the principle of this method, the advantages of this method are summarized and the error analysis is carried out. The result shows that the calibration method can meet the requirements. Applied this calibration method to calibrate the two different precision of image measuring instrument, and measure four kinds of plug gauge the diameter between Ø6~Ø40mm with the two instrument separately,by comparing the variance of the measured data, indicating that more stable measurement result can obtained by using the optical grating and the plug gauge calibration.

To improve the efficiency and intelligence of data acquisition devices,a solution of portable intelligent data acquisition terminal was given.In hardware design,simultaneous work of devices with various interfaces and visualization of measurement results were considered.In software design,seamless integration with Manufacturing Execution System (MES) was taken into account.A scheme of inspection task oriented micro-manufacturing environment construction and data encapsulation was proposed.The process model for automatic identification,configuration,and misuse proofing of measuring equipment was established.In addition,an automatic recognition method for product quality based on pre-control chart was presented,and the quality data organization strategy was provided.Application results show that the intelligent data acquisition terminal can improve the efficiency of quality data collection,and help user identify the quality problem.

Aiming at the boom of the tower crane inevitably exiting resonance phenomenon because of frequent starting, braking and wind load, a complete dynamic model of the boom of the tower crane is setup by the finite element software ABAQUS. Through the modal analysis , it determined the impact of key modal frequency of statically determinate and indeterminate structure constraint. And according to the maximum lifting weight of the boom , a harmonic response analysis was carried out to get the displacement frequency curve. The result provides the scientific guidance for reasonable design and safe use of the boom.

Wind turbine gearbox failure rate in accounted for the highest percentage of all components of the wind turbine,and the economic consequences of the biggest.Accurate scientific description of the gear box of dynamic behavior of large wind machine intelligent detection and fault diagnosis,reliability and maintenance decision is very important.Articles by solving the machine (impeller/engine room/tower foundation) coupling dynamic equation,get a flexible supporting under the action of wind turbine under random wind load components generated by the vibration and elastic deformation.Analysis process takes into consideration the tooth surface friction,comprehensive error factors such as time-varying mesh stiffness,mesh.The application of matlab/simulink software simulation model,to get more in line with the actual dynamic characteristics of gear transmission system components.In subsequent work,can on this basis,the analysis of parts design and arrangement of the parameters and conditions affect the performance of wind turbine system,for wind turbine drive system robustness and laying a foundation for structure optimization design.

To satisfy the new demands of whole process service,customization service,individuation service and end-to-end integration under the manufacturing mode of “Industry 4.0”,a CSOCPS reference architecture which has new features such as reconfiguration and metering charging is proposed according to the control features of discrete manufacturing and advantages of cloud service.The operation mechanism of CSOCPS abstract model is introduced and compared with traditional CPS in terms of environment perception layer and service chain breaking point.On this basis,CSOCPS reference architecture based on functional services is elaborated with three typical service models,and hybrid cloud service is selected as the optimal deployment strategy according to the characteristics of different deployment style.Additionally,the physical configuration reference architecture is proposed correspondingly to the function reference architecture,the implementation details and security strategies are discussed,and the compatibility and operability in the implementation procedure are improved.Finally,a practice example is utilized to verify the reasonableness and usability of the reference architecture.

The application of artificial bone repair and manufacture is an important aspect of the reverse engineering technology research.Artificial joint replacement surgery has increasing popularity.After joint replacement surgery,infections may be frequent.The treatment of cement articulating spacer as artificial joints temporarily in postoperative has good utilize effect.However,because of bone cement hardening speed and doctor’s hand make proficiency,etc,cement articulating spacer production precision is low and is difficult to achieve good matching with human bones.Given the problems above,presented a cavity block of cement articulating spacer design process based on reverse engineering,to realize the fast design of the cavity block,which provided a simple and efficient method for bone cement spacer manufacturing.To take artificial knee joint as an example,the entire design process was implemented.