高速列车蛇行稳定性自适应控制策略研究*

doi:10.16731/j.cnki.1671-3133.2025.02.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 随着我国高速列车的大量开行和运行里程的急剧增加,伴随着轮轨磨耗、运行环境变化与悬挂参数匹配的矛盾,面临的车体异常振动问题越来越多,严重降低了乘客的乘坐舒适性,其中转向架蛇行稳定性不足较为突出,针对该类问题,从抗蛇行减振器主动控制的角度展开了高速列车蛇行稳定性自适应控制策略研究。首先,将抗蛇行减振器替换为主动控制悬挂元件,建立了车辆系统非线性动力学模型;然后,结合PID控制原理和模糊控制原理设计了自适应模糊PID控制器,并采用带精英策略的非支配排序遗传算法对参数进行优化;最后,基于SIMPACK和Simulink联合仿真模型,在不同运行工况下对所设计的主动控制系统进行控制效果对比分析。结果表明,在主动抗蛇行减振器的作用下,转向架构架端部横向加速度主频幅值最大降低了54 %,均方根值最大降低了33.24 %,明显改善了转向架构架横向振动性能,为转向架蛇行稳定性控制策略提供技术支撑。

关键词: 高速列车, 蛇行稳定性, 抗蛇行减振器, 自适应控制, 遗传算法

Abstract: With the extensive operation and rapid increase of high-speed trains running mileage in China,issues such as wheel-rail wear,changes in operating environments,and mismatches in suspension parameters have led to an increase in abnormal vibrations in train bodies. These issues significantly reduce the ride comfort of passengers,with insufficient bogie hunting stability being particularly prominent. To address these problems,research on adaptive control strategies for hunting stability of high-speed train from the perspective of active control of yaw dampers is conducted. Firstly,yaw dampers are replaced with actively controlled suspension components,and a nonlinear dynamic model of the vehicle system is established. Then,an adaptive fuzzy PID controller is designed by integrating PID control principles with fuzzy control principles,and the parameters are optimized using a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm with an elite strategy. Finally,based on a co-simulation model using SIMPACK and Simulink,the control effects of the designed active control system are compared and analyzed under different operating conditions. The results show that,with the active yaw dampers,the peak amplitude of the lateral acceleration at the end of the bogie frame is reduced by up to 54 %,and the Root Mean Square (RMS) value is reduced by up to 33.24 %,significantly improving the lateral vibration performance of the bogie frame and providing technical support for bogie hunting stability control strategies.

Key words: high-speed trains, hunting stability, yaw damper, adaptive control, genetic algorithm

中图分类号:

U271.91

李俊聪, 黄翔, 曾京, 汪群生. 高速列车蛇行稳定性自适应控制策略研究^*[J]. 现代制造工程, 2025, 533(2): 61-68.

LI Juncong, HUANG Xiang, ZENG Jing, WANG Qunsheng. Study on adaptive control strategy of hunting stability for high-speed trains[J]. Modern Manufacturing Engineering, 2025, 533(2): 61-68.

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高速列车蛇行稳定性自适应控制策略研究^*

Study on adaptive control strategy of hunting stability for high-speed trains

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