现代制造工程 ›› 2025, Vol. 536 ›› Issue (5): 53-63.doi: 10.16731/j.cnki.1671-3133.2025.05.007

• 机器人技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

四足机器人后退步态稳定性分析与规划*

简艳英1, 鲍治国2   

  1. 1 商丘职业技术学院计算机工程学院,商丘 476100;
    2 河南财经政法大学计算机与信息工程学院,郑州 450046
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-21 出版日期:2025-05-18 发布日期:2025-05-30
  • 通讯作者: 简艳英,硕士,副教授,主要研究方向为智能控制与计算机应用技术。E-mail:janeyay@126.com
  • 作者简介:鲍治国,博士,副教授,主要研究方向为系统优化设计。
  • 基金资助:
    *河南省科技攻关项目(212102210533);河南省高等学校重点科研项目(24B520030)

Stability analysis and planning of the quadruped robot backward gait

JIAN Yanying1, BAO Zhiguo2   

  1. 1 School of Computer Engineering,Shangqiu Polytechnic,Shangqiu 476100,China;
    2 School of Computer and Information Engineering,Henan University of Economics and Law,Zhengzhou 450046,China
  • Received:2024-03-21 Online:2025-05-18 Published:2025-05-30

摘要: 面向四足机器人稳定行走的需求,开展了四足机器人后退步态稳定性分析与规划研究。首先,对所研究的足式机器人结构进行介绍,并采用D-H法建立了运动坐标系,初步确定了辅助动作参数。然后,利用稳定裕度指标表征四足机器人的静态和动态稳定性,并根据运动参数和关节驱动函数计算出重心位置随时间变化的关系。接着,在四足机器人的步态设计过程中,分析了腿部和首尾运动对四足机器人重心的影响,并通过主动作和辅助动作规划了后退步态全周期动作序列,确定了后退步态的动作参数。最后,采用虚拟样机仿真和物理样机试验验证了所提方法的可行性和有效性,为四足机器人的步态分析提供了理论方法支撑。

关键词: 四足机器人, 后退步态, 稳定裕度, 稳定性

Abstract: Aiming at the demand for stable walking of quadruped robots,a stability analysis and planning research of the backward gait of quadruped robot was carried out. Firstly,the structure of the legged robot was introduced. The motion coordinate system was established by D-H method,and the auxiliary action parameters were preliminarily determined. Then,the stability margin index was used to characterize the static and dynamic stability of the quadruped robot,and the relationship between the center position of gravity and time was calculated according to motion parameters and joint drive functions. Next,in the gait design process of quadruped robots,the influence of leg and head to tail movements on the center of gravity of the quadruped robot was analyzed,and the full-cycle action sequence of the backward gait was planned through active and auxiliary actions,and the action parameters of the backward gait were determined. Finally,the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method were verified by virtual prototype simulation and physical prototype experiment,which provides theoretical method support for gait analysis of quadruped robot.

Key words: quadruped robot, backward gait, stability margin, stability

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